Calendar of the day - July 28

Day 209. 156 days left until the end of the year.

Church Calendar

Martyrs: Cyrikes and his mother Ivlitsa and 11411 with them (305); Martyr Avdeimos (IV); Righteous of the Apostles. Vladimir (Basil) (1015).

Events:

1493: Great Fire of Moscow.

1540: Thomas Cromwell is hanged by order of Henry VIII, accused of treason. Henry crucifies his fifth wife - Catherine Howard on the same day.

1751: King Erekle II of Kakheti defeats Azat-Khan, a pretender to the Iranian throne, in the Battle of Kirbulakh.

1794: 22 figures of the French Revolution, including Maximilien Robespierre and Louis-Antoine Saint-Just, are publicly beheaded by the guillotine.

1821: Peru declares independence from Spain.

1914: Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia. World War I begins.

1943: World War II: Operation Gomorrah - British bomb Hamburg, causing a fire that kills 42,000 German citizens.

1976: The 8.2 magnitude Tangshan earthquake in China kills 242,769 people and injures 164,851.

2005: The Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) announces the end of its thirty-year armed campaign in Northern Ireland.

2017: Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif is removed from office by the Supreme Court following the Panama Papers leak.

Born:

1804 : Feuerbach, Ludwig — German philosopher

1812 : Kraszewski, Józef Ignacy — Polish writer, publicist and historian

1844 : Hopkins, Gerard Manley — English poet

1874 : Cassirer, Ernst — German philosopher

1887 : Duchamp, Marcel — French painter (d. 1968)

1902 : Popper, Karl — philosopher (d. 1994)

1904 : Cherenkov, Pavel — Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

1927 : Giorgadze, Grigol — historian (d. 2005)

1929 : Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis — Wife of US President Kennedy, John

1938 : Alberto Fujimori — President of Peru

1941 : Muti, Riccardo — Italian conductor

1951 : Calatrava, Santiago — Spanish architect.

1952 : Vajiralongkorn — Crown Prince of Thailand

Died:

450 : Theodosius II — Byzantine emperor;

1057 : Victor II — Pope

1741 : Vivaldi, Antonio — Italian composer (d. 1678)

1750 : Bach, Johann Sebastian — German composer (d. 1685)

1791 : Robespierre, Maximilian — French revolutionary

1835 : Mortier, Édouard-Adolphe-Casimir-Joseph — French military figure

1844 : Joseph Bonaparte — Napoleon's elder brother, King of Naples and Spain

1968 : Hahn, Otto — German physicist and radiochemist.

1972 : Majumdali, Charu — Indian revolutionary

2010 : Mzia Kvirikashvili — Georgian actress, comedian - Georgian Queen of Laughter (d. 1949)